Blood and Guts Read online

  and kidney dialysis

  repairing

  stemming the blood flow of

  artists, Renaissance

  Aryan race

  Asclepius

  assassinations

  atomic weapons

  atria

  atrial septal defects

  autopsies

  see also post-mortems

  B cells

  barbers

  Barnard, Christiaan

  Barnum's American Museum

  basal ganglia

  battlefields

  see also field hospitals; war wounds

  Bavolek, Cecelia

  BBC see British Broadcasting Corporation

  BBC4

  Beatrice, Princess

  beauty, classical

  bedlinen

  Bellevue Hospital, New York

  Bennett, A. Hughes

  Bigelow, Henry

  Bigelow, Henry Jacob

  Bigelow, Wilfred Bill

  Billroth, Theodor

  black bile

  Black Gang

  bleeding to death

  blood

  circulation

  clots

  draining

  Galen on

  and heart-lung machines

  William Harvey on

  blood flow control

  in heart surgery

  in neurosurgery

  without blood vessel damage

  blood groups, AB negative

  blood poisoning

  blood pressure, high

  blood transfusions

  blood vessels

  re-attachment

  repairing

  tying off

  see also arteries; veins

  bloodletting

  'cupping' technique

  with leeches

  scarifiers

  bodysnatching

  Bologna, Italy

  bone nippers

  bones see skeletons

  Borel, Jean

  Boschetti, Count Paolo Emilio

  Boston Medical and Surgical Journal

  'botched' operations

  brain

  activity

  basal ganglia

  dissection

  donation to science

  dura

  electronic implants

  frontal lobes

  functional map of the

  Galen's study of the

  meninges

  motor cortex

  oxygen demands

  'switching off'

  see also neurosurgery

  brain damage

  and personality change

  brain tumours

  brainwashing

  breast cancer

  breasts, male

  Breindenbach, Warren

  Britain, battle of

  British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)

  see also BBC4

  British Medical Journal

  bull-fighting

  bullets

  burns

  Butler, Peter

  Calne, Roy

  Campbell, Gilbert

  Canadian prairie, nr Toronto

  cancer

  breast

  carbolic acid

  cardiac surgery see heart surgery

  Carlisle

  Carnot, Sadi

  carotid artery

  Carrel, Alexis

  Carstairs, Jane

  Carter, Stuart

  catgut sutures

  cats

  cauterizing

  see also electrocautery devices

  cauterizing irons

  cemeteries, bodysnatching from

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

  Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

  Chicago

  childbed (puerperal) fever

  childbirth

  children

  lobotomised

  chin operations

  Chinese surgeons

  chloride of lime

  chloroform

  dosage

  fatalities

  cholera

  Church

  Churchill, Frederick

  Churchill, Winston

  circulation

  Clark, Sophie

  cochlea implants

  Columbus, Christopher

  Conolly, Martin

  convulsions

  see also fits; seizures

  cooling bodies

  Córdoba, Spain

  Crichton, Michael

  Crimean War

  criminals

  dissection

  harvesting the organs of

  skeletons

  cross-circulation operations

  'crow's beak' device

  crush injuries

  'cupping' technique

  Cushing, Harvey

  Cushing Tumour Registry

  cyclosporine A

  D-Day

  Darwin, Charles

  Deacon, Gladys, Duchess of Marlborough

  death sentence

  Delgado, José

  Demikhov, V.P.

  dentistry

  Department of Health

  dermatomes

  Detroit riots

  Devlin, Joe

  DeWall, Dick

  diabetes

  digestive system

  Dillon, Laura Maude (later Michael)

  Dillon, Sir Robert

  Dinoire, Isabelle

  disease

  see also infection

  dissection, human

  brain

  public

  see also autopsies; post-mortems

  dog attacks

  dog studies

  'dressers' (assistant surgeons)

  dressings

  antiseptic

  drink-driving

  drugs

  psychotropic

  see also immunosuppressive drugs

  Dubost, Charles

  Dully, Howard

  Dully, Lou

  dura (brain membrane)

  duration of surgery

  ears

  Edinburgh

  Edinburgh University

  Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon

  electric scalpels

  electrocardiograph (ECG)

  electrocautery devices

  electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

  electroencephalograph (EEG)

  electromagnets

  electronic implants, brain

  Elizabeth, Queen Mother

  emotions

  induction through brain implants

  neurological basis

  endotracheal intubation

  enemas

  England

  English Channel

  epilepsy

  Ervin, Frank

  ether

  flammability

  eugenics

  euthanasia

  Evans, Martin A.

  explosives

  face transplants

  false teeth

  fear

  femoral artery

  fever

  field hospitals

  see also battlefields; war wounds

  Fifteenth Thoracic Centre

  First World War

  fits

  see also convulsions; seizures

  Flanagan and Allen

  Flavell, J.M.

  fluoroscopy

  forceps

  Ford, Henry

  four humours

  Foxley, Bill

  fractures, compound

  arm

  infection

  leg

  France

  François I

  Freeman, Walter

  French Resistance

  French surgeons

  frock coats

  frontal lobes

  frostbite

  Gage, Phineas

  Galen

  Galenic medicine

  gangrene

  Gardener, Bill

  gas attacks

  George Washington University Hospital, Washing
ton DC

  Gibbon, John H. Jr

  Gillies, Sir Harold

  gladiators

  Glasgow

  Glastonbury, Somerset

  Godlee, Rickman

  gonorrhoea

  Great Northern Railway

  great saphenous vein

  Greco, Vic

  Greener, Hannah

  Greenlees, James

  Grenfell, Joyce

  Grey Turner, George

  Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town

  groundhogs

  growths

  guillotine

  Guinea Pig Club

  gunpowder

  Guthrie, Charles

  Guy's Hospital, London

  Hadlow, Janice

  haemoglobin

  haemorrhage

  see also bleeding to death; blood flow control

  Hakim, Nadey

  Hall, John

  Hallam, Clint

  Halsted, William

  Hammatt, Alice

  Hammersmith Hospital, London

  hands

  burns

  transplants

  hanged men

  Hardy, James

  Hariz, Marwan

  Harken, Major Dwight

  Harlow, John

  Harrison, J. Hartwell

  Harvard Medical School

  Harvey, William

  head injury

  headaches

  heart

  16th-century anatomy of

  atria

  hole in the

  normal

  pericardium

  ventricles

  heart attack

  sudden

  heart surgery

  animal-lung methods

  closed-heart

  cooling bodies for

  cross-circulation operations

  heart transplants

  and heart-lung machines

  open-heart

  and stopping the heart

  timing issues

  heart valves

  artificial

  defects

  heart-blocks

  heart-lung machines

  Lillehei-DeWall bubble oxygenator

  Heath, Robert

  Hebra, Professor

  Henderson

  heparin

  Herrick, Richard

  Herrick, Ronald

  Herskowitz, Ida

  hibernation

  Hibernin

  high blood pressure

  Hill, Dr (brother of Luther)

  Hill, Luther Leonidas

  Hindu tradition

  Hippocrates

  Hitler, Adolf

  Holtz, Howard

  homosexuality

  Hospital for Epilepsy and Paralysis, London

  Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto

  hospitalism

  humours

  Hunter, John

  Hurricanes

  Hutchinson, Ian

  Hyde, Jonathan

  hygiene

  see also antiseptic operating techniques

  hypnotism

  hypospadias

  hypothermia

  icepick lobotomies

  immortality

  immune system

  radioactive suppression

  tissue typing

  and transplant surgery

  immunosuppressive drugs

  cyclosporine A

  in transplant surgery

  India

  Indian medical practice

  infection, hospital

  inferior vena cava

  Inquisition

  Institut de Beauté, Paris

  insulin

  intensive care units

  International Business Machine Corporation (IBM)

  intestines

  Ionesco, Ellen

  Japan

  Jewish Hospital, Louisville

  John Radcliffe Hospital

  Johnson, Jacqueline

  Journal of the American Medical Association

  Kantrowitz, Adrian

  Keats, John

  Kennedy, Joe

  Kennedy, John F.

  Kennedy, Rosemary

  Kent, Duchess of

  kidney dialysis

  kidney (renal) failure

  kidney transplants

  kidneys

  Kirklin, John W.

  knee pain

  knives, surgical

  Kolff, Willem

  Kolle, Frederick

  Kolletschka, Jakob

  Kostakis, Alkis

  Lancaster bombers

  Lancet (journal)

  Las Vegas

  Laughlin, Henry

  leeches

  leg

  amputation

  compound fractures

  Leonardo da Vinci

  Leopold, Prince

  Leroudier, Madame

  leucotome

  leucotomy

  Lewis, F. John

  ligatures

  Lillehei, Walter

  Lillehei-DeWall bubble oxygenator

  Lindbergh, Charles A.

  Lindbergh pump

  Lister, Joseph

  Listeria

  Listerine mouthwash

  Listerism

  Liston, Robert

  liver transplants

  lobotomy

  conscious

  transorbital

  Loman, Gladys

  London

  Longmore, Donald

  Los Altos, California

  Louisville, Kentucky

  Louvain, Flanders

  Lower-Austrian Mental Home

  Lucas, William

  Lumley, Second Lieutenant Henry

  lung

  transplants

  lymphatic system

  lymphocytes

  B cells

  T cells

  Lyon

  Macfee, Mr

  Magill, Ivan

  Marcus Aurelius

  Mark, Vernon

  Marlborough, 9th Duke of

  Marlborough, Gladys, Duchess of

  Marston, Robert

  Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston

  mastectomy

  Mayo Clinic, Rochester

  McBirnie, John

  McCreadie, Rory

  McIndoe, Archibald

  Medical Mavericks (TV series)

  medicine

  Meggison, Thomas

  melancholy

  Melrose, Denis

  meninges

  meningitis

  mental health problems

  mesmerism

  metabolism, slowing of

  Metrazol

  miasma

  micro-organisms

  microsurgery

  midwives

  Miller, Bernard

  Miller, Glenn

  Minneapolis

  mitral stenosis

  mitral valve

  Moniz, Egas

  monkey studies

  Montgomery, Alabama

  mortality rates

  200 per cent

  300 per cent

  from bloodletting

  from childbed fever

  from chloroform use

  from heart surgery

  from Robert Liston's surgery

  from transplant surgery

  and hygiene

  neurosurgical

  Morton, William

  mortuaries

  mouths, plastic surgery for

  Murray, Joseph

  musket shots

  Mustard, William T.

  Myrick, Henry

  NASA

  National Heart Hospital, London

  National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London

  Nazis

  neurosurgery

  brain tumours

  electronic implants

  lobotomy

  neutrophils

  Nevada

  New York Times (newspaper)

  Nightingale, Florence

  Nissen huts

  nitrous oxid
e

  Norfolk & Norwich Hospital

  Normandy, France

  nose jobs

  nuclear energy

  obstetrics

  oil, boiling

  Old Operating Theatre, London

  operating instruments

  operating microscopes

  operating tables

  orbitoclasts (lobotomy tool)

  Owen, Earl

  oxygen

  consumption

  and heart-lung machines

  transport

  pacemakers

  Paget, Sir Stephen

  pain

  thresholds

  pain-relief

  alcohol and

  using brain implanted electrodes

  see also anaesthetic

  pancreas transplants

  paraffin wax injections (cosmetic)

  paraffinoma (wax cancer)

  paralysis

  Paré, Ambroise

  Paris

  Parker, Dr

  Parkinson's disease

  Pasteur, Louis

  patient choice

  pedicles

  tube

  waltzing tube

  penicillin

  penis, cosmetic construction

  Pergamum, Asia Minor

  pericardium

  Perry, Heather

  Perth

  Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts

  Philadelphia Jefferson Hospital

  phlegm

  pig studies

  'piggyback' operation

  pioneering surgery

  placebo effect

  plastic surgery

  burns

  nose jobs

  sex change operations

  pneumonia

  portal vein

  post-mortems

  see also autopsies

  potassium chloride

  potassium citrate

  poultices

  priests

  prosthetic limbs

  psychiatric hospitals

  psychotropic drugs

  pulse

  pupil contracture

  purging

  Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead

  Queen's Hospital, Sidcup, Kent

  radiation sickness

  radiation therapy, total body irradiation

  railway work

  red blood cells

  Red Cross

  Renaissance

  resurrectionists

  rheumatic fever

  Richmond, Calvin

  riots

  Riteris, John

  road traffic accidents

  Roberts, Alice

  Robinson, Dr

  Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York

  Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Paris

  Romans

  Ross, Donald

  Royal College of Surgeons

  Royal Flying Corps

  Royal Free Hospital

  Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh

  Royal Society

  Rugio, Paulo Santoni

  Rutland & Burlington Railroad

  Saburido, Jacqueline

  St Bartholomew's Hospital

  St Elizabeths Hospital, Washington DC

  St Rokus Hospital, Pest

  salves

  Sandoz

  Santo, Cesare Giovanni

  Savage, David

  Savage, Karen

  saws

  scarifiers

  schizophrenia

  childhood

  Scotsman (newspaper)

  Sea, Private A.J.

  Second World War

  seizures

  induction

  see also convulsions; fits

  Semmelweis, Ignaz

  Servelle, Marcel

  sewage treatment

  sewing up

  blood vessels

  sutures

  sex change operations, female to male

  Shaw, George Bernard

  Shaw, Mike

  shivering